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The geographical
closeness of Cuba to America may be considered a significant facilitator of
Cuban migration to America. However, other factors facilitate this transfer.
Some of these factors are conditions that make Cubans leave their country while
the other factors are reasons that attract Cubans to America and not any other
country. The major reason for Cubans to leave their country is the recent
existence of foreigner s investors in their country that drive them out of
business. On the other hand, there is the inadequacy in healthcare services and
essential medicine. A factor that attracts both legal and illegal immigrants from
Cuba is the assumption that all immigrants from Cuba are refugees fleeing
political persecution.
Therefore, on arrival
to America they get access to privileges entitled to refugees. The attorney general also has discretionary
powers to grant permanent residency to Cubans who have been in America for over
a year and visitors who have overstayed in the country. This rules where Cuban immigrants were
treated as refuges and given permanent residency so easily are the main
attraction to the US. These policies had many benefits for them, for example,
families with children below eighteen years were given assistance by the
government. Because Cuban immigrants are
considered immigrants, most reforms for refugees benefit the Cubans. Examples
are programs like the refugee cash assistance, in-country refugee processing,
refugee medical assistance, refugee resettlement assistance, supplemental
security income and temporary assistance for needy families.
Cuba is the largest of
the Caribbean islands. It has a rich history, and has had many eventful
developments over the years. Cuba was a Spanish colony controlled from Havana
by a Spanish governor. However, in 1762 the city was shortly owned by Britain
before it was given back in exchange for Florida. Throughout the nineteenth
century, Cubans had a series of rebellions but they were unable to end the
Spanish rule. The Spanish American war that resulted from the tension between
the US and Spain, was their savior. This is because after the war, Spain
withdrew and therefore Cuba got formal independence.
Cuba experienced a
revolution between 1953 and 1959. This was when the communist revolutionist
Fidel Castro overthrew fulgencio Batista a dictator. The communist party of
Cuba led by Fidel Castro ruled the country up to 2006 when he stepped down and
was replaced by his brother Raul Castro. Cuba developed a strong deal during
Batista’s time despite him being a dictator. The wages in Cuba were amid the
uppermost in the world and Cuba was ranked eighth highest in average industrial
salary by the international labour organization in 1958. It had considerable
labour laws for its working population and had a large middle class social
structure. They had developed health care services with the highest number of
doctor per capita, more than even the United Kingdom. It was also a top third
country with low mortality rate.
Castor’s rule, which
promoted communism, failed. During his time, Cuba took many steps back as
corruption and injustice flourished in the country. Fidel broke ties with America
due to his hatred for their influence. When the Soviet Union collapsed, Cuba
lost a significant boost to their economy. Cuba suffered a period they called
special period in peacetime. There was a famine in Cuba and trade was cut down
by 80 percent. Poor living conditions and health care services flourished. This
suffering was caused by both political and economic factors.
Cuba provides free
primary, secondary and university education to all children. It has also been
discovered that Cuban children perform well in school: better than children in
surrounding areas. Over the past fifty years, the educational system in Cuba
has undergone a transformation. It has changed from a semi private one to one
totally controlled by the government, despite the economic crisis through the
decades. According to a World Bank analysis, the teacher student ratio is
around 1 to 13. Learning materials of high quality also cost cheaply and the
teacher’s attention is extremely high. There exists an extensive network of schools
free for both adults and children. On the other hand, education in America is
also provided by the public sector.
